Anatomy quiz 1D Crossword
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1) Psite, peptidly tRNA, holds tRNA carrying growing polypeptide chain, Asite, holds tRNA carrying next amino acid to be added to polypeptide chain E site Exit site2) Synthesis of RNA under direction of DNA, Serves as a templete for new RNA, DNA instructions for protein synthesis4) Occurs when number of nucleotides inserted or deleted in not a multiple of three, Nuleotides downstream will be affected, Improperly grouped, Extensive missense ending in nonsense protein almost certain to be nonfunctional7) Synthesis of polypeptide, occurs under direction of mRNA, mRNA message tranlasted into amino acid sequence, read by tRNA as condons8) Amino acids added to growing polypeptide chain, tRNA read codons and attach corresponding amino acid to growing chain, elongation factors necessary three step cycle10) Repairs thymine dimers, Photolyare breaks covalent bonds between thymine, Requires visible light11) Reads DNA strand, synthesizes complementary antiparallel RNA strand, urcil copied in place of thymine, RNA primer not needed14) Facilitate specific coupling of tRNA anitcodons to mRNA codons two subunits, large subunit, small subunit, subunits contructed of rRNA, Ribosomal RNA17) Expressed regions, translated into amino acid sequence19) Physical and Chemical agents that cause DNA mutations, Mutagenic radiation, UV light. Disruptive thymine dimers. Chemical mutagens, Interfere with DNA, Insert themselves into DNA code, change base pairing propertidies. 23) noncoding regions of mRNA, Spliceosome splices out introns24) Transfer RNA, translate codon into anticodon, anticodon codes for amino acids brings amino acid to ribosome, attached to growing polypeptide chain aminoayl, tRNA synthetase, attached amino acid to tRNA, tRNA is no charged |
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3) Replacement of one nucleotide and complementary base pair, some are silent, over reden dancyin genetic code5) RNA polyermase binds to stand of DNA, promoter site initiates transcription, RNA polymerse unwinds and unzips DNA, moves along strand copying DNA into RNA, Releases wqhen reaches terminator site terminator site ends transcription6) Changes in genetic material of a cell, point mutations, substitution, insertion, deletion, single nucleotide change can cause production of abnormal protein, example: sickle cell disease9) addition or loss of nucleotide pair in a gene, disustrous effects, may alter reading frame of genetic message12) Elongation continues until stop codon is reached, UAA, UAG, UGA, Do not code for amino acid release factor binds to stop codon, hydrolyzes chain from tRNA, frees polypeptide13) Strand of RNA transcribed from DNA, leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm carries message from DNA to ribosome15) at 3 degrees end 50-250 adenine nucleotides, Inhibits degradation, may help ribosome attach, helps export mRNA from nucleus16) Small Subunit binds to mRNA, Initiator tRNA attaches to start codon AUG, carries methionine large subunit binds to small subunit, inititaion factors and GTP required, Translation begins when AUG is translated18) 5' cap immediately capped off, modified quamine, two functions, protect mRNA from degradation, hydrolytic enzymes, signals ribosomal attachment20) Base pair change resulting in stop codon, Polypeptise shorter then polypeptide endcoded by normal gene, usually lead to nonfuntional proteins21) Codon recognition, incoming tRNA binds to codon in a site peptide bond formation, peptide bond forms between new amino acid and growing polypeptide chain, translocation, tRNA in a site tranlocated to Psite, TRNA in P site moves to E site, Ribosome shifts mRNA by one codon22) Usual substitution mutations, different amino acid is coded, resulting polypeptide makes sense, not correct sense25) Removal of parts of pre mRNA strand, noncoding regions, Pre-mRNA average length is 8000 Bp's, 1200 Bp's throughout pre-mRNA, Introns, Exons26) Modify pre-mRNA before it can leave nucleus, two methods, 5' cap and poly- Atail, RNA splicing |
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