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Down: 2) An organization formed in 1898 to fight the Treaty of Paris ending the spanish american war, Members opposed acquiring overseas colonies, believing it would subvert american ideals and institutions. Membership centered in New England, the cause was less popular in the south and west3) Passed by congress in 1900, this law made all currency redeemable by gold. The united states remained on the gold standard unitll 19335) Founded by Samuel Gompers in 1886, THE AFL organized skilled workers by craft and worked for specific practical objectives, such as higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions. The AFL avoided politics, and while it did not expressly forbid blacks and women from joining, it used exclusionary practices to keep them out6) In july 1892, wage cutting at the Andrews Carnegie's Homestead Steel plant in Pittsburgh provoked a violent strike in which three company hired detectives and ten workers died. Using ruthless force and strikebreakers, company officials broke the strike and destroyed the union9) A belief that the United states should avoid entanglements with other nations13) The policy of extending a nations power over other areas through military conquest, economic domination, or annexation15) A device to centralize and make more efficient the management of diverse and far flung business operations. It allowed stockholders to exchange their stock certificates for trust certificates, on which dividends were paid. John D. Rockerfeller organized the first major trust, the Standard Oil Trust.16) Preached by urban Protestant ministers, the social gospel focused as much on improving the conditions of life on earth as on saving souls for the hereafter. Its adherents worked for child labor laws and measures to alleviate poverty18) In december 1898 ending the spanish american war. Under its terms, spain recognized cubas independence, assumed the cuban debt and ceded Puerto rico, Guam, and the Philipines to the united states20) Beginning in May 1894, this trike at the pullman palace car company near chicago was one of the largest strikes in american history. Workers struck to protest wage cuts, high rents for company housing and layoffs. The american railway union, led by Eugene v. Deb, joined the strike in June. Extending into 27 states and territories, it paralyzed the western half of the nation. President Grover Cleveland secured an injunction to break the strike on the grounds that it obstructed the mail, adn sent federal troops to enforce it. Across: 1) Adapted by English Philosopher Herbert Spencer from charles darwins theory of evolution, this theory held that the laws of evolution applied to human life, that change or reform therefore took centuries, and that the fittest would succeed in business and socail relationships. It promoted competition and individualism, saw government intervention into human affair as futile, and was used by the economic and social elite to oppose reform4) The alliance sought to organize farmers in the south and west to fight for reforms that would improve their lot, including measures to overcome low crop prices, burdensome mortgages, adn high railroad rates. The alliance ultimately organized the peoples party7) Educated and upper class reformers who crusaded for lower tariffs, limited federal government, and civil service reform. They were best known for helping elect Grover Cleveland president in 18848) This policy established free trade between the United states and china in 1900 and attempted to induce european nations and Japan to recognize the territorial integrity of China. It marked a departure from the american tradition of isolationism and signaled the country's growing involvement in the world. 10) Starting in 1880s, immigration into the United States began to shift from northern and western Europe to southern and eastern Europe. THese new immigrants were mostly poor, non protestant, and unskilled; they tended to stay in close knit communities and retain their language, customs, and religions. Between 1880 and 1910, approximately 8.4 million of these so called new immigrants came to the United States11) A supreme court case in 1896 that established the doctrine of "seperate but equal." The court case applied it to schools in Cumming v. county board of education. The doctrine was finally overturned in 1954, in brown v. Board of education of topeka12) Adopted by the Famers alliance in 1890 in ocala florida, these demands became the organizations main platform. They called for a sub-treasury system to allow farmers to store their crops until they could get the best price, the free coinage of silver, an end to protective tariffs and national banks, a federal income tax, the direct election of senators by voters, and tighter regulation of railroads14) To sell newspapers before and during the spanish American war, publishers William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer engaged in blatant sensationalize of the news. Although it did not cause the war, it helped turn U.S. public opinion against spain 17) This organization campaigned to end drunkenness and the social ills that accompanied it. By 1898 it had 10,000 branches and 500,000 members. The WCTU illustrated the role women played in politics and reform long before they won the right to vote.19) a group of cases in 1883 in which the supreme court ruled that the 14th amendment barred state government from discriminating on the basis of race but did not prevent private individuals or organizations from doing so. The ruling dealt a mojor blow to efforts to protect afican americans21) The political party was organzied in 1892 by farm, labor, and reform leaders, mainly from the Farmers Alliance. It offered a broad based reform platform reflecting the ocala demands. After 1896 it became identified as a one issue party focused on free silver and gradually died away22) The declaration of war on spain in 1898, the united states pledged that it did not intend to annex Cuba and that it would recognize Cuban independence after the spanish american war23) Founded by Susan B. Anthony in 1890, this organization worked to secure women the right to vote. IT stressed careful organization and peaceful lobbying.24) Located in poor districts, these community centers tried to soften the impact of urban life for immigrant and other families. Often run by young, educated women, they provided social services and a political voice for their neighborhoods. Chicago's hull house, founded by Jane Addams in 1889, was the most famous of them25) Four major railroad networks that emerged after the Civil War to connect the eastern seaports to the Great lakes and western rivers. They reflected the growing integration of transportation across the country that helped spur large scale industrialization26) Founded in 1869, this labor organization pursued broad-gauged reform and practical issues such as improved wages and hours.The knights welcomed all laborers regardless of race, gender, or skill.
 

 

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