Page 2 of hist study guide Crossword
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1) ferdinand and isabella married in 1469, reconquista takes spain back from isael, expelled unconverted jews- "alahambra decree"- jews fled to christian lands, ship building and sailing innovations- galleons: transported goods oversea. they wanted a alternate route to china (columbus). "northwest passage" landed in the caribbeans, called it west indies- people became known as indians3) modern, old communities of native americans in the southwestern region. pueblo= town or village4) Hernan cortes, conquistadores, settles the mexican mainland, Aztec empire- tenochititlan, mexico. Tribute/empire country, Initially thought cortez as a quetzalcoatl- bird god, since he was blonde/yellow feathers. encomienda system- forced labor and conversion to catholic6) native americans, people who have no immunities or antibodies to new diseases, suffered epidemics such as small pox, influenza, measles, etc. One of the worst population catastrophe in human history7) italian born merchant and explorer who took part in early voyages of the New World on behalf of Spain. Proved columbus wrong, he didnt find asia. North and South continents were named in his honor8) early explorations searched for the northwest passage. First settlement was at port royal. French was strictly a catholic nation. Jesuits: approach learned the native american languages, lived in villages and learned indian costums, applied european medicine. "praying towns"- created town for indians that converted to christianality. Fur trade, fishing and religion, were the french motivations 9) wanted to find a western sea route to china. didnt really discover the new world, his journey marked the beg. of centuries of trans-atlantic conquest and colonization10) Native americans, first peoples, established large civilizations along the Ohio River valley and the Mississippi river valleys. The Adena- Hopewell and the Cahokia were the earlier group of the mound builders |
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2) settled in central arizona, known for irrigation techniques (canals), created a 2 crop growing season, known for their cotton and red pottery. Declined in 1400 due to a major drought. Used only natural materials - able to meet all survival needs5) matrilineal- based on the female line, well defined gender roles: saw men and women equally. Women- earth (fertility) they did the farming, controlled home and village and owned almost everything. The men- the sun, outside the village, hunters and warriors. They believed in political equally - both sides have a voice7) referred as the ancient puebloans, located south colorado and mexico. They were farmers and spent a lot of time hunting and gathering11) 1st european voyager to land in the New World. He was a Norsemen and the son of Erik the red. Set up a settlement in Vinland- land of the vines. Remained unknown to the rest of europe. Wasnt chris columbus to land here first 12) way ahead of the europeans, extensive trade networks, included irrigation systems, fertilizer, crop rotation, stone tools (no metal), agricultural society. Europeans: had metal, modern economy13) ancient land bridge that connect asia with north america at various timees during the ice ages (myth,debatable)14) practiced by the french, jesuit approach, the blending of 2 different cultural traditions15) chesapeake region: slash and burn agriculture, stronger power. Nother woodlands- the hunter and gatherers, coastal fishing and hunting. Central Alantic coast- the Iroquois were a confederacy and contained 5 different nations16) 1st europeans didnt include christopher columbus. Norsemen, 1st to settle here, europeans-porteguese: marco polo, porteguese expansion into asia, prince henrys navigation school started expanding along african coastline and led to spanish exploration17) european trader to China, took a train along the silk road to china, became a nobleman and inspired many others. He became famous for his book that told the story of his travels along the silk road |
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