History Final Exam Crossword
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
 
 
Special Characters:
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Down: 1) Strong supporter of the compromise. Was Taylor’s VP. Becomes president when Taylor dies. The public gets more riled up about the issues, in particular over “The Fugitive Slave Act”. The North really did not care much about these issues until the passing of the Fugitive Slave Act because it affected the public and individual people. 2) Created by senator, Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois. Wanted a railroad that goes through Illinois in order to promote western settlement. Wanted it to go through the US and have a major stop in Chicago (has property in Chicago). Makes a deal to get support for the railroad saying if he gets the railroad, he will propose a bill for the issue of slavery. Suggests the Nebraska territory gets split into two territories, Kansas and Nebraska and should be subject to popular sovereignty. This is a problem because the areas are both above the Missouri compromise line and should be completely closed to slavery. 3) Also known as Radical Congressional Reconstruction. This basically repeals everything that Johnson had done. Puts the south under Marshall law. Passed the Civil Rights Act, which made all African Americans US citizens. Gives any person born in the US, not born to any power, full citizenship of the US. The people in congress decide to amend the constitution, creating the 14th amendment. Declares all person born and naturalized in the United States are full citizens. Every state must grant protection of citizens. The south ends up finding ways around the 14th amendment such as literacy tests, property taxes, and other things that make people not able to vote. June of 1866, joint committee of the states say that the states must be re admitted to the union once the states meet the new requirements. Congress does not view presidential reconstruction to have worked. Passed the reconstruction act, which places the south into military occupation until everyone has been readmitted. This requires new rules that they must accept in order to be brought back into the union. They must accept the 13th and 14th amendment and allow ALL males to vote, even blacks. Johnson is impeached in 1868. Congress passes the ten-year of office act, which states that the president cannot take away powers to officers. Johnson ends up doing what the act says you cannot, which ends up resulting in him being impeached by congress. Grant ends up in office after Johnson is gone and the new election comes. There was approx. 500,000 new voters. The 15th amendment is passed which forbids any state to deny anyone’s right to vote based on race, color, or anything else. “Scallywags” “Carpet Baggers” people who moved down to the south after everything that happened in the past. In the South redeemers take office and things change, state rights take precedent. Cut spending on social programs and most importantly white supremacy. 6) By the election of 1864, things are looking good for the union. Abraham Lincoln won this election. The republicans rename the party to the unionist party. In the end Lincoln wins easily. After Lincoln’s election, things begin to look up for the Union. You see continued union victory on the battlefield. The confederate army tries to resort to peace and wants freedom.9) Democrats nominee, northerner who is a supporter of the ‘Fugitive Salve Act’. Wins the elections, which ends up causing the fade out of the Whig Party. 11) Single bloodiest day of combat throughout the whole war. Ends in southern retreat but no clear victory for the North. The south is trying to secure foreign support for its cause; they used cotton as their draw to bring Britain or France to become their allies. 14) Slaves that have escaped to the North can be tracked down and returned under the jurisdiction of the federal government. This requires help from the citizens of the North and starts affecting them personally. Slaves would have to make it to Canada in order to be considered fully free under this act. 18) Proposed by Lewis Cass. Says that the people who settle in an area should decide the issue of slavery in the new territory. This makes areas of new settlement a race of what side can get the most people first. Lewis Cass is nominated president over his idea of popular sovereignty. 21) He does not want to act too quickly on slavery. Wants to keep control of the Border States. By making slavery a war goal risks losing these states. Constitutionally speaking slavery is protected. He needs public support before he does anything or else he is not going to be in power anymore. 22) Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, & Kentucky. These states end up remaining loyal to the union. Maryland- presence of federal troops, D.C. has to stay loyal. Suspending the right to Havious Corpus- You do not need to have a reason to put someone in jail. Missouri- Union troops are there to combat U.S. guerilla forces. Kentucky- state legislator votes for neutrality. Delaware- put some extra effort because of the capital. These limbo states begin to be an issue going forward as things begin to get pushed because these states are slave states. 23) April 9, 1865. Appomattox courthouse. Surrender at Appomattox of the confederates by Grant. Lee and his men are treated with respect at the surrender. Lincoln does not get to rebel in the surrender for much long. Across: 4) Democrat Candidate, Democrats won the election in both popular and majority. 5) Americans start moving onto the Rio Grande Mexico claimed territory. A Mexican army crosses the Rio Grande and attacks an American troop and kills 10 people and starts war. Fought by small armies in Mexican territory. The American army never succeeds 1500 guys. Takes New Mexico territory and Southern California too. Captures Mexico City. Mexico had no other choice but to agree to American terms or they will lose all territory. 7) Mexican war hero, Wigg nominee who was against the democrat, Lewis Cass. Taylor wins. 8) General who had proved himself as completely capable of leading the union army. Proved himself at Vicksburg. Comprise a total war plan to attack what the south has left. Never let up pressure on southern supply lines. Before long Grant and forces create a defensive line around Richmond. 10) Union has won and has been maintained by force. The most destructive war up until this point in the Western Hemisphere levels of destruction and death that no onne has seen. 14 million people released from slavery, which changes things forever. Have to figure out how to intergrade the slaves into society, they have nothing except the clothes on their back. The North the civil war has benefitted things in the North by booming industrialization. The south and anything that they had was destroyed in the war. After the war they had to find a way to fix it. 12) First shots fired in the civil war were here. This land was claimed by the seceded state of South Carolina. This fort held by Federal Troops that remain loyal to the union. They are cut off from supplies and reinforcements. They wanted to starve out the troops and then take control. Lincoln announced that he is going to send food to the troops at fort Sumter. It gave the south the option to fire or wait. South Carolina fired and began the war. Fort Sumter was taken by the south 2 days later. The North wanted to try and keep the Union together. Lincoln uses his power as president without the approval of congress and calls for 75,000 volunteers to join the union army to put down the chaos in the south. He authorizes the spending for war all without approval of congress because they are on recess. He justifies these actions saying that these decisions need to be made quickly to protect the public’s safety. 13) Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas, these states secede. The capital of the confederacy is then moved to Richmond, Virginia. 15) South Carolina votes to secede from the union and the other states of the Deep South follow including Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. Representatives meet in Montgomery Alabama and create their own country and the government there cannot post tariffs or restrict slavery. 16) Ends up worse than the first year of the war for the union. Confederacy keeps eating the north militarily and union failures are high. South does not have the ability to fund a long term war. 17) Thinks about reconstruction before the war even ends. His plan is more of a kinder and more gentle reconstruction, also known as “The 10% plan”. Proper name, “Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction” which was issued in 1863. Calls for full presidential pardons for people who did 2 things, 1) Oath of allegiance to the Union and the US constitution, 2) accepted the emancipation of slaves. Once 10% of the population of a state has done these two things, the state is allowed back in. Viewed as way too lenient. The Wade Davis Bill passed in 1864, which says that Lincoln is way too lenient and it ups the percentage of his passing requirement from 10% to 50%. It also only allows confederates. Lincoln vetoed this and congress did not get their way. As the war is ending congress created the “Freedman’s Berou”, which attempts to address the newly population of people offering food, water, and other needs for anyone who the war made destitute. The Berou takes land and gives it to people who need something to begin with. The Freedman’s berou is successful with creating an education system, creates many schools including college systems. 19) Shot at Fords Theater in Washington by Booth. Lincoln dies on April 15th a day after he was shot. Lincoln’s bodyguard had left during intermission. Lincoln’s assassination was part of a plan to take down the three top dogs of the Union’s government and overturn the Union’s government. The people are having a hard time with dealing with the aftermath of the war because they have to do it without the leader who got them through the war. 20) Lincoln spends the rest of his life lobbying for the 13th amendment. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall exist in the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 24) First Prong: Use the US navy to blockage southern ports as best as we can. Second Prong: Taking control of the Mississippi river to isolate one half of the confederacy from the other. Third Prong: Take control of Richmond, the confederate capital. 25) The South has an idea that their supply of cotton will bring them allies. The southern supply of cotton is replaceable so this does not work because there are other ways to make clothing. The South and British are too different because the south uses slavery and it is banned in Britain. 26) Proposed by Henry Clay. Plan is as follows: -Admit California into the union as a free state. -Divide the rest of the Mexican succession that has not applied to statehood into two territories, Utah and New Mexico. Allow the settlers in these territories to decide through the use of Popular Sovereignty. -Additionally, ban slave trade in the District of Colombia, can have slaves but cannot bring any new ones in. -Settles the issue of the disputed territory of Texas by giving it to the new territories. By doing so, the government took approximately 10 million dollars of Texas’ public debts. -Adopt a new fugitive slave law and enforce it rigorously. 27) The civil war left the south destroyed politically, physically and emotionally. Sherman’s march in particular destroyed the infrastructure in the south. Politically and culturally, there are big problems. 4 million people released as free from slavery that need to be put into society as normal freedmen. Second of all the north had to deal with the southern states and figure out how to deal with them. There is a gap between the north and the south for industrialization and modernization because the north has been expanding in industrialization and modernization and the south has been crushed completely. Need to figure out how to fix sectional rivalry. Congressmen in the North wanted to rebuild the south the same way as the North is built industrially. The South aristocrats wanted to keep and agriculture based economy. What reconstruction ended up being was a back and fourth. We see 3 reconstruction plans before things get settled. These are Lincoln’s Version, Johnsons, and Congressional.28) First major military battle. 30,000 federal troops leave D.C. and want to attack Bull Run Creek in Virginia. Union forces seem close to victory until confederate forces arrive under the control of Stonewall Jackson and sends the federal troops fleeing back to D.C. Important because everyone thought it was going to be a short war. The Battle of Bull Run proves that theory incorrect and shatters morale. Once that becomes clear to the North then General Winfield Scott and the senior commander of federal forces comes up with a 3 prong strategy for winning a long term war with the south. 29) Confederate diplomats were traveling on a British boat going over to Britain on a mission to try and get recognition of the confederacy as independent from the rest of the US. They never make it because a Union ship attacks them and brings them back to the US as prisoners of war. This is a violation of Britain’s neutral rights. Britain demands their release and threatens war. Lincoln releases them and they avert crisis. 30) First hint that something is coming is the refusal by a union general to return captured slaves to their slave owners. Provides basis for the first confiscation act which is allowing the capturing of slaves. Strips slave owners of their legal claim but does not make the slaves free. The slaves are not legally property of the government. Two months later Lincoln signs an act that excludes slavery from all territories (not states yet) without owner compensation. Next month the second confiscation act is put into place: Frees all the slaves of people who are actively engaged in rebellion against the union. Gives president to use freed slaves in the union army in any capacity including battle. Lincoln states that now he is going to free all of the slaves in the union (does not include the border states). Slave labor in the south aids the war effort. Adding elimination of slavery as a goal will eliminate the chance that the south could gain help from Britain or France. Lincoln wants Border States to come up with their own emancipation plans that include compensation for the owners. 31) Kansas set up their own government, made their own constitution. The territory becomes very violent. Kansas-Nebraska act does not go as planned. Violence breaks out in 1856 when the pro slavery attacks businesses and burning homes. Kansas is getting violent and so is congress.32) Lists all of the states considered in rebellion & sets all of the slaves that are living in those states free. There’s a catch: The slaves are only free in theory since it only applies to states outside of union control there is no way to truly enforce it. More soldiers becoming in contact with African Americans and they all begin living together Allows free slaves to fight in the war. Plantation battle. Slavery is still in the Border States. Constitutional issue – protection against slavery. We need a constitutional amendment to get rid of slavery in all of the states because the emancipation is an act of war. 33) Lincoln and Douglas are fighting for the senate seat in Illinois. Lincoln speaks out about slavery as a moral issue time to time. He believes the country needs to be all slaves or all free. The Freeport doctrine says that slavery cannot exist in a community unless the people of that community support slavery. They engaged in 7 debates that gained national attention. Lincoln attacked Douglas for his moral views on slavery. Douglas won the reelection but the South now does not support him anymore. Lincoln comes out as a national figure and is a leading possibility for the republican nomination for president in 1860. 34) 6-year non successive term for president and vice president. President has the right to veto items passed by the confederate congress. Not allowed to give funds to fix things like bridges etc. Things like that are left up to the state. The system that they create is a weak central system. There is always a shortage of money and they try loans, making more money, etc. These things only cover a fraction of the war cost. They decide to issue more confederate paper money. By the end of the war, a confederate dollar is only worth 2 cents.
 

 

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