History Exam #1 Crossword
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
                                    
 
 
Down: 1) Lincoln issues his new reconstruction plan. Lincoln issues the “10% Plan”.This plan wants to reestablish states into the Union. Pardons to individual southerners can happen if they do two things: (1) Took oath of allegiance to US government and constitution. (2) Accepted the 13th amendment (abolishment of slavery). Once 10% of a states population has achieved these pardons, under Lincolns plan, the state would be welcomed back with open arms. Ultimately Lincoln’s concern is to get back on our feet & pick up the pieces as soon as possible. Congress does not agree & thinks his plan is too lenient. Congress thinks the only way is to re-write the constitution and ban slavery. Passed the "Wade Davis Bill" upped requirements to take the Ironclad Oath & upped requirements to 50% to allow states back. Lincoln ends up pocket vetoing this bill. His less strict plan stays until his death. Freedmans Burrow was created to address the issue of 4 million freed slaves who had nothing. Johnson Clashes horribly w Republicans and gets impeached. Called for disenfranchisement of confederate officeholders. Retained the ability to grant individual pardons. 3) Want to create a south with increased industrilization & increased urbanization. Some of these reformers want to continue the racial equality, but they are outnumbered. These attempts in the South are not going to go very far because there was a reliance on the slaves and the crops & this ha left the south without any foundation to build on. What becomes of it is segregation. South is at a disadvantage because they are starting fresh. 3 Specific industries that flourish: 1. Railroads are the connecting industry. Railroads lead the way to further industrilization. They remove dependance on waterways & create easier transport, which allows easier production. Within a decade they lay down more than 22,000 miles of track. The more the railroads grow, the more we ee the other industries of steel & iron and textiles grow. Railroads increase the industrilixation of iron because Iron is used for train tracks. 2. Iron & steel 3. Textiles: textiles flourish so well in the south because the south is where the cotton is. By putting the processing of cotton in the south it cuts down the middleman and makes it easier. 4) Civil rights act as an emendment. Disqualifies certian confederate leaders from office. Provides punishment to any state that is denying the right to anyone who is allowed to vote from voting. Repeal presidential reconstruction by putting into place the Reconstruction Acts of 1867. 8) Taking away the ability to vote or hold office. Taking away the ability to politically participate. Begins in Mississippi with "The Second Mississippi Plan"9) The Plantation System in the south was also destroyed which was the backbone of the south and brought in most of their profits. The small amount of industrial infrastructure in the south was destroyed in the south and they had to rebuild it, physically, culturally, and economically. There were 4 million people who were freed from slavery that needed to fit into society somehow. Question of what to do with the South, the question of whether or not the South should be punished. The union had to re-conquer the South. They had to figure out how to bring the Southern states into the Union as a whole. There was an increasing industrial gap between the North & South. 10) Biggest crop in the south is cotton. The failure of reconstruction puts the south back to where they basically were before. The rich planters are the ones who controlled things. Across: 2) Urbanization & Industrialization goes hand in hand because where there are jobs there is people who want those jobs & people move there and create urbanization. As industry takes off so does urbanization. You see southern cities that are not port cities grow because the use of railroads decreases the use of ports. The racial prejudice gets in the way of industrialization because the whites do not allow blacks to work the jobs. To keep the blacks out of the industry the people keep the wages low. Because the wages are so low, they will miss out the immigrants who are seeking economic advancement. The immigrants end up going to the north because the south is keeping the wages low. The issue of segregation gets in the way & limits the way of industrialization. The south is going to remain the poorest region of the country. 5) Restricts the rights & movements of non-whites. Blacks could not rent, own or borrow money to rent land. Cannot buy firearms, testify in court against whites. Whole purpose is to restrict the rights & movements of blacks as much as possible. 6) Was the official removal of Union Troops. Republicans in the South have been losing control & pushed out of office and replaced by Southern Conservatives. Rutherford B. Hayes agrees to drop reconstruction policies, to be seated as president. As the North continues to industrialize, the gap between the North and South continues to grow larger & larger. 7) Places the south under military occupation & divides the south under 5 military districts under the Union Military Army. Must also include 14th amendment in their constitution. All adult males are going to be enfranchised. 11) Congress wants to make sure the swaying vote of the freedmen does not disappear. Many southern states end up finding loopholes. A bunch of freedmen end up wanting to be part of the political running as candidates. 12) Passed by congress, they overrode Johnson's veto. Declares any person born or nationalized in the US is a full citizen & is entitled to rights thereof (an attempt to nullify black codes in the South) ends up turning into the 14th amendment. 13) 14) Congress is leading things & calling the shots. Because they disagreed with what the presidents are doing. Southern response to Johnson's plan unsatisfactory to radical republicans in congress. Begins challenging the results of elections in the south. Election of 1866 results in massie republican majority (more than 2/3 of both houses). By having 2/3 of both houses means that Congress can override a veto, meaning that Johnson can veto anything he wants but congress can put it into place as a law. Uses majority to take control of reconstruction.
 

 

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