History Midterm Crossword
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Down:
1) One-fifth of all silver production, which was the Spanish governement’s share; represented principal revenue the crown derived from American possessions2) Crusade, ending in 1492, to drive the Islamic forces out of Spain that had invaded the Iberian Peninsula since 711. The reconquista aimed to have Christianity as the official religion, thats why they also expelled Jews if they did not convert to Christianity3) Italian Jesuit priest famous for his service in China during the sixteenth century.4) the canal between the Yellow and Yangtze rivers in China responsible for the transport of important crops from southern to northern China, as well as people (i.e. military troops5) Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China's early Ming Dynasty7) Took 3 expeditions to Pacific and died at the hands of the indigenous people of Hawai’i. Charted eastern Australia and New Zealand made a huge contribution to geography through exploration of the Pacific10) Born of indigenous and African parents13) Latin American term for children of Spanish and native parentage. Below the peninsulares and criolles socioeconomically but considered above indigenous peoples16) Led a Spanish expedition from Central America to Peru in 1530; Conquered Incas and looted gold and silver from Cuzco’s temples and public buildings17)
English East India Company – Founded in 1600, privately owned, started by merchants, experienced immediate financial success (for example, from the spices they brought back to Europe).
VOC – United East India Company established in 1602. Privately owned, started by merchants, and experienced immediate financial success (for example, from the spices they brought back to Europe).19) a Spanish-born Spaniard or mainland Spaniard residing in the New World or the Spanish East Indies, as opposed to a person of full Spanish descent born in the Americas or Philippines, who were known as criollos21) Came up with and enforced policy of Portugal in Indian Ocean to control this area in terms of trade. Ships needed “safe-conduct passes” and those that didn’t would be executed or have hands chopped off25) Powerful territorial lords in early modern Japan26) uhhhh
31) Ming= “Brilliant” (1368-1644), founded by emperor Hongwu, known for cultural revival, built The Great Wall. Yongle= conqueror, boosted maritime activity32) a port, city, or other center to which goods are brought for import and export, and for collection and distribution34) Military government under the Japanese shoguns |
Across:
6) the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism8) English mathematician who asserted that a universal law governed planetary motions (gravity)9) French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.11) Unsuccessfully resisted Portuguese intrusion, ruled over Angola.12) Gave Spanish settlers the right to compel Tainos to work in their mines or fields, and the Spanish were supposed to look after their workers’ welfare and encourage them to convert to Christianity
14) Indigenous people of Guanahani (modern-day San Salvador or Watling Island) that Columbus encountered on his first journey to the Americas15) The third emperor of the Qing dynasty, famous for his learning and work ethic18) the intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather,philosophes were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics, economics and social issues.20) In 1488, rounded Cape of Good Hope into Indian Ocean but didn’t go all the way to India due to storms and relentless crew.22) A former Chinese custom of bowing the forehead to touch the ground as an act of submission23) Capital of the Aztec Empire, later Mexico City.24) In 1497, went to India by sailing around the Cape of Good Hope. His goods were not well-received in India and much of his crew did not make it back from the voyage, but he returned with pepper and cinnamon which was hugely profitable27) Conquered Ceuta and sponsored series of voyages down west African coast. (Portuguese)28) Area in the high central Andes that had stunningly rich silver mines, this is located what is now Bolivia29) He seized emperor of Aztec’s, Moctezuma II; built a small fleet of ships and placed Tenochtitlan under siege eventually conquering the Aztecs..In other words, conqueror of the Aztecs with the help of Malinche and other indigenous allies 30) Reigned 1403-1424, Launched a series of naval expeditions33) Sleek, fast, heavily armed ships capable of carrying large cargoes that regularly traveled between Manila (Philippines) and Acapulco (Mexico). Brought Asian luxury goods to Mexico in exchange for silver, which went to China. Asian luxury goods went to Mexico, Peru, or Spain and European markets.35) defended the indigenous population, advised against slavery as well as encomiendas, which eventually created New laws for the encomienda system. Debated against Juan Gines de Sepulveda. 36) First half of the 16th century; Attempted to convert the Kongo to a Catholic country37) The journey taken by slave ships from West Africa to the Americas during the Atlantic slave trade from the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries38) “Pure”, (1644-1911). Manchus, from Manchuria (north of China), overthrew the Ming Dynasty. Emperors knew the Chinese language and Confucian thought, prosperous, tried to end maritime activity. Notable emperors: Kangxi and Qianlong
39) Global diffusion of plants, food crops, animals, human populations, and disease pathogens that took place after voyages of Christopher Columbus and other European mariners |
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