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Down: 1) A condition for the occurrence of an event without which the event cannot occur.3) The fallacy of reasoning that just because B followed A, A must have caused B.4) In statistical theory, the probability that the sample will accurately represent the target group within the margin of error.7) The standards used to judge the worth of explanatory theories. They include testability, fruitfulness, scope, simplicity, and conservatism.9) A criterion of adequacy for judging the worth of theories. A conservative theory is one that fits with our established beliefs.10) In enumerative induction, a sample that resembles the target group in all relevant ways.11)  A hypothesis, or theory, that cannot be verified independently of the phenomenon it's supposed to explain. Ad hoc hypotheses always make a theory less simple— and therefore less credible.12) In enumerative induction, the whole collection of individuals under study.15) A four-step procedure for evaluating the worth of a theory: Step 1. State the Theory and check for consistency. Step 2. Assess the Evidence for the theory. Step 3. Scrutinize alternative theories. Step 4. Test the theories with the criteria of adequacy.18) A criterion of adequacy for judging the worth of theories. A simple theory is one that makes minimal assumptions. Across: 2) In enumerative induction, the observed members of the target group5) An inductive argument whose conclusion contains a casual claim. 6) A comparison of two or more things alike in specific respects8) A criterion of adequacy for judging the worth of theories. A fruitful theory is one that makes novel predictions.10) In enumerative induction, a property, or characteristic, that is of interest in the target group. 13) The variation between the values derived from a sample and the true values of the whole target group.14) A condition for the occurrence of an event that guarantees that the event occurs.16) A sample that is selected randomly from a target group in such a way as to ensure that the sample is representative. In a simple random selection, every member of the target group has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.17) A criterion of adequacy for judging the worth of theories. A testable theory is one in which there is some way to determine whether the theory is true or false— that is, it predicts something other than what it was introduced to explain.19) A theory, or hypothesis, that tries to explain why something is the way it is, why something is the case, or why something happened.20) A sample that does not properly represent the target group.21) A statement about the causes of things.22)  An inductive argument pattern in which we reason from premises about individual members of a group to conclusions about the group as a whole.
 

 

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