History PBTA Crossword
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
 
 
Down: 1) capital of medieval Russia and now present day Ukraine2) divided the empire into three kingdoms among the three son of Louis the Pious(Charlemagne’s grandsons3) site of the siege of orleans (100 yrs war) where joan of arc helped lift the siege 4) holy city which was the main reason for the crusades (mainly the 1st) 5) center of the Italian Renaissance and is the home of the medici family 8) battle that ended the war of roses where Henry Tudor defeated Richard III (Start of the Tudor dynasty) 13) was captured by Muslims which led to the second crusade 15) capital of Charlemagne (king of the franks) empire and is where crowning holy Roman emperors are 16) where the Hundred Years’ War was and is the capital of France17) Center of Northern Renaissance18) a holy land where Emperor Henry IV begged the pope Gregory to lift his excommunication 19) near important river trade routes, made capital by the head of the russian, the headwaters of the don, dnieperm, and Volga’s rivers Orthodox Church, power center of Russia after Kiev Across: 6) home of John Calvan and is the model of Protestant theocracy 7) the city where Muhammad fled to during the Hijra and would be named to Medina 9) Charles Martel defend Muslims forces stopping the spread of Islam into Western Europe10) battle where William the conqueror defeated Harold Godwinson making him the king of England 11) Capital of the Byzantine Empire, was captured by crusaders (4th) and later would be taken by the ottoman Turks12)  where martin Luther nailed his 95 these that started their protestant reformation14) birthplace of Muhammad and is the holiest city in is an and is where Muslims make their hajj to20) French land that was lost by King john and home of William the conqueror who invaded England 21) the papal courts were moved here 22) concordat of worms ended the investiture controversy and is where the diet of worm that declared Luther a heretic & outlaw 
 

 

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