AP Psych 4 Crossword
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
 
 
Down: 1) Assist elderly, children 2) stimulation brings on hunger 3) Our emotional reactions are separate from our cognitive label on the situation → you can feel an emotion before you understand what is happening Ex. you automatically get startled by a sound in the forest before labeling it as a threat Something happens and we have an immediate reaction (jumping back from seeing the snake) and then afterwards thinking about how we should be feeling (I should be worried about that snake being poisonous) Physiological reaction first→ cognition after 4) An attempt to influence our behavior by changing our attitudes 6) Underlies ALL OTHER DM’S Banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts from consciousness Seen thru dreams and slips of the tongue 10) your cognitive appraisal of the situation LEADS to physiological arousal and emotion that occur simultaneously. 11) Loss of self-awareness and self-restraint as a result of participation in a large group Diminished sense of responsibility and identity, fosters arousal and anonymity “They can’t catch us all” Often increases aggression 15) Countries in N.America, Western Europe Tend to value personal independence and individual achievement Define identity in terms of self-esteem, personal goals, attributes, and personal rights & liberties 17) indirect approach uses a positive association status, good feelings, sex, self-image (less durable) Example: Halo Effect 20) a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave (has s in the end)21) Our personality is rooted in achieving goals, purpose, and superiority. Believed that we were always struggling over "issues" or conflicts we had as children- (focused on social tensions not sexual ones) Believed people are motivated by the fear of failure, which he termed inferiority, and the desire to achieve, which he called superiority 22) (William James): Motivated by instincts-innate, typically fixed patterns of behavior in animals in response to certain stimuli23) tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.26) Brings cognition into play: We sense physiological arousal, we do a cognitive appraisal by scanning the environment to determine the emotion that we are feeling Ex: I hear a rustling sound in the woods (stimulus) my heart starts to race (arousal) and I think to myself, I'm afraid (cognitive appraisal/assessment) You come into your house and someone jumps out at you, you have to decide if it is a home invasion or surprise party= appropriate emotion. 27) Why do we conform? Social Influence Theory conforming to a group's behavior to be accepted and liked, to “fit in” THINK: trying to be normal 29) First women trained in psychoanalysis First to criticize Freud's depictions of women as inferior to men. (Horney objected to Freud's portrayal of women as suffering from "penis envy.") Believed idea grew out of Freud’s assumption that men were superior to women not empirical observations. Instead, she suggested that men experience "womb envy" because they are unable to bear children. Believed Freud to be VERY biased- culture & society (not anatomy) influenced personality development Ex: women feel inferior because of gender discrimination in society Across: 1) Re-channel unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities Aggression into workout programs, expressive art 5) skydiving etc 7) Positive impressions of people, brands, and products in one area positively influence our feelings in another area. Makes an overall judgement of that person or thing He/she is attractive, I bet they’re a nice person.. 8) emotions are the result of our interpretation of our body's physiological reactions to a stimulus we feel an emotion after our body reacts physically to an event Ex: I hear a sound in the woods (stimulus), I observe my heart racing (arousal) and become afraid (emotion)9) A type of explanatory style: good thing happens - will be temporary bad thing happens - will be permanent12) is the unselfish act of helping others without expecting any reward or recognition in return. It involves prioritizing another person's well-being above your own, driven by empathy and a genuine desire to assist, sometimes even at a personal cost or risk.13) our sense of competence/belief in ability to succeed in specific situations or on tasks14) Many parts of Asia, Africa Tend to value interdependence, tradition and harmony Identity in terms of group goals, commitments, and belong to one’s group Collectivist response to COVID? 16) Humanistic theories view personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth. (believe in yourself)18) Social Cognitive perspective Viewed personality as the product of the interaction between a person’s traits (including thinking) and the situation- the social context Bandura updated his original theory of social learning (we observe, imitate, model) to emphasize the role of cognition in the way individuals acquire and maintain behavior, while also considering the social environment in which we perform these behaviors. The back and forth influence of a person's behavior on the environment and the environment's influence on the person's behavior is reciprocal determinism19) Theory of persuasion that suggests that there are two different ways people can be persuaded of something, depending on how invested they are in a topic. strongly motivated and have time to think over a decision = persuasion occurs through the central route (person carefully weigh the pros and cons) If rushed or the decision is less important to them = more easily persuaded by the peripheral route24) Emotion (or affect) is a complex process separate from reasoning or knowledge Reflects internal and external factors 25) aversion to monotony and restlessness when things are unchanging28) Part of Freud's Three Parts of the Personality: (pleasure principle) primitive and instinctual part of the unconscious mind that contains contains all of our basic urges, impulses, needs and desires (pleasure principle) 30) A type of locus of control that believes things happen to you and you can't change them31) Positive emotional experiences tend to broaden awareness and encourage new actions and thoughts Negative emotions tend to reduce awareness and narrow thinking and action 32) Display rules and elicitors for emotional expression can differ among cultures May regulate how people from different genders, ages, or socioeconomic classes within a culture can display and interpret emotions 33) ideas/thoughts/images we ALL share as humans (ex: woman as nurturer) The collective Unconscious is made up of shared images and Archetypes universal to all people 34) The study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another 35) Positive self-concept: see ourselves as loveable and worthwhile person Negative self-concept: feel uncertain and uncomfortable about ourselves 36) Drinking, partying 37) an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy caused by actual or supposed inferiority in one's life (can lead to overcompensation38) Part of Freud's Three Parts of the Personality: (reality principle) Conscious personality, responsible for dealing with reality. It's our sense of self that strives to satisfy the id's desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways . 39) Type of projective test that involves describing ambiguous scenes 40) The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health This field of study can help study the impacts of stress as it relates to our psychology (feelings/emotions), what's happening in our brain and how our immune system is responding
 

 

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